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Vietnam is a country in south-eastern Asia, situated on the Indochina Peninsula. Vietnam borders on Laos and Cambodia in the west and China in the north. In the east and south, Vietnam is washed by the South China Sea.

Relief. Over 80 % of the country's territory is occupied by low and medium mountains. In the northern part of Vietnam lie the Hoang Lien Son Range (with the highest peak of Vietnam, Mount Fan Si Pan - 3,143 m), the Su Sung Tiao Tiai Range and the Sam Sao Range. Along the western border lie the Annam Mountains (Chiong Son). There are pediments and basaltic plateaus in the central and southern parts of the country, such as the Plei Ku, Dac Lac, Lam Vien, Zi Linh plateaus and the Central Plateau.

Mountains. The Lang Bian Mountains are situated in the Lac Siong region in the Lam Dong province, 12 km north of Da Lat. They consist of five volcanic peaks from 2,100 to 2,400 m high.

The Mo So and Da Zynh Mountains in the Kien Zanh province are characterized by their sophisticated cave passages and uniquely shaped stones and rocks.

Rivers. There are are thousands of large and small rivers on the territory of Vietnam. They include such rivers like the Honga, the Lo, the Tiay, the Gom, the Mu, the Da, the Tiu, the Ma, the Ka, the Ba, the Bla, the Krong Loko, the Krong, the Dong Nai, the Zung, the Kotei and the Mekong.

National Parks and Reserves.

There are such national parks on the territory of Vietnam as Kuk Phyong, Hoang Lien Son, Kon Dao, Ba Be (the Bak Kan Province), Ba Vi (the Hatei Province), Tam Dao (the Vin Phuk Province), Kat Ba (the Hai Phon Province), Benen (the Tkhanhoa Province), Bat Ma (the Thya Thien Hyue Province), Yok Don (the Dac Lac Province), Khat Tien (the Dong Nai Province) and Cham Tim (the Dong Thap Province).

Sightseeing.

Hyue is the capital of the last emperors of the Nguyen Dynasty (1802-1945), where the emperor's palaces and architectural and historical monuments are preserved and restored.

Tourists are attracted here by other ancient capitals of Vietnam: Koloa (the capital during the reign of the Tkhuk Dynasty, 257-208 BC); Meling, the capital of Queen Chyng (40-43 BC); Hoily (939-1009 AD) in the Hanamnin Province.

The Halong Bay is a pearl of Vietnamese tourism. Many call the Halong Bay the eighth wonder of the world. 1600 fancifully shaped islands and cliffs are scattered over a 1500-km stretch of sea waters, while there are big caves with fantastic stalactites and stalagmites on rocky islands.

Mount Fan Si Pan is the highest peak of the Indochina Peninsula (3.142 m). Tours to this mountain and ascents of the peak are offered to seasoned adventurers. The ascent of the mountain begins in the valley that separates the mountain from Sapa, a famous tourist base.

Tourism.

• Cycling tourism in the vicinity of Da Lat;
• Diving in the Vanh Tau, in the north of the Mekong Delta, in the Chanh, near Da Nang;
• Speleology in the caves of the Ponh Na River;
• Sea beaches and excellent places for a vacation are found in Do Son, Sam Son, Ky Alo, Halong, Da Nang and Nya Chang;
• Safari in eight state reserves, in Kuc Fyong and Va Vi, in the jungles in the Tay Nguyen and at the foot of the Chyong Son mountain ranges, which border on Laos and Cambodia.

Climate. The climate of Vietnam is a tropical monsoon climate, which is marked by a lot of sunshine and quite a high humidity. The temperature in the south changes slightly during the whole year (from +26°C in December to +29°C in April). In the north, winters are cold, while summers are hot; the average January temperature is + 15°C, while the average July temperature is +28°C. The biggest typhoons, showers and floods occur hear in June and August. The annual rainfall on the windward mountain slopes is 2500-3000 mm, while on leeward slopes; it is 700-900 mm.