Georgia - download georeferenced map set

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The Republic of Georgia is situated in the south-east of Europe and occupies the central and western part of the Caucasus. It borders on Russia in the north, Azerbaijan in the east and Turkey and Armenia in the south. In the west, it borders on the Black Sea. The total area is 69,700 sq km. Tbilisi is the capital of Georgia.

Mountains. The northern part of the country is occupied by the Greater Caucasus mountain system, which rises up to 4500-5000 m above the sea level. The highest point is Mount Shkhara (5,068 m). Mount Kazbek (5,047m) is a bit lower.

In the extreme south of Georgia lie the South Georgian (Dzhavahet) volcanic uplands covered with lava plateaux, a chain of volcanoes and canyon-like river valleys. The highest peak of the plateau is Mount Didi Abuli, 3,301 m.

In Georgia, there are other high mountains such as Django (5,059 m), Mkinvartsveri (Kazbegi) (5,047 m), Shota Rustaveli (4,860 m), Tetnuldi (4,858 m), Ushba (4,700 m) and Ailama (4,547 m).

Rivers. The network of rivers in Georgia is developed unevenly and has two basins – those of the Black and Caspian Seas. Almost the entire water flow of the Caspian basin is carried by the Kura River, on which the Mingechaur Reservoir is located. The rivers of the Black Sea basin (Western Georgia) do not form a single system and they flow into the sea on their own. The largest rivers of Georgia are the Tergi (623 km), the Chorokhi (438 km), the Alazani (351 km), the Rioni (327 km), the Tori (320 km) and the Enguri (213 km).

Lakes. The largest lakes include Paravani (37.5 sq km), Kartsakhi (26.3 sq km), Paliastomi (18.2 sq km), Tabatskuri (14.2 sq km), Khanchali (13.3 sq km) and Dzhandari (10.6 sq km).

Waterfalls. In Georgia, there is a beautiful waterfall on the Aapste River near the village of Habyu as well as such waterfalls as the Rufabgo, the Victoria, the Tetri-Tskaro, the Shepit, the Vulcan, the Maly Horisar and the Gegsky waterfalls in Abkhazia.

Nature Reserves. In Georgia, there are 15 nature reserves, the most important of which include: the Lagodekh, Borjomi and Ritsin reserves.

Sightseeing.

Tbilisi is one of the oldest cities in the world because people lived here as far back as 4000-3000 BC. Forming a long narrow strip of land along the valley of the Kura River (Mtkvari) and the surrounding mountain slopes, Tbilisi is literally filled with unique national features. In terms of cultural and architectural heritage, Tbilisi is one of the world’s richest cities;

Mtskheta is the ancient capital of Georgia, whose famous sights include Dzhvari Monastery, Svetitshoveli Cathedral and the active Samtavro Covenant (the 11th cent.).Hartsvisi is a castle situated near the town of Akhalkalaki, in the vicinity of Vardzii, a famous cave city;

Signakhi is a fortified town in the east of Kakheti, 30km east of the district center of Telavi. The well-preserved city walls enclose the older part of the town, and its watchtowers offer a wonderful view of the Alazani river valley;

Mestia is the administrative center of the mountainous Svanetia area, known for its unique medieval watchtowers which guard the town;

Ananuri is a beautiful 17-century castle, located above the Aragvi River, 60 km north of Tbilisi, just a hundred meters from the Tbilisi - Vladikavkaz highway;

Gonio is a fortress located 12km south of Batumi, near the Turkish border;

Tmogvi is a small fortress on a precipitous cliff towering over the Mtkvari River, in south-east Georgia;

Shatili is a fortified medieval village castle in north-western Georgia, located near the Russian border;Kutaisi is the ancient capital of the Colchis and Imereti Kingdoms. Kutaisi is considered one of the most unique cities in the country;

Borjomi, which is located in the picturesque Kura Valley, is famous for its mineral waters;

Akhaltsikhe is an ancient city built in the 12th century, around a fortress bearing the same name, which was under the control of the Ottoman Empire for a long time. In Akhaltsikhe, a mosque (1752) and the ruins of a madrasah have been preserved;

Gori is located at the confluence of the Kura and Liakha rivers in the picturesque Kartli Valley and has been known since the 6th century. Places of special interest here include the Historical and Ethnographic Museum, the house museums of S. Kamo and J. Stalin, the ruins of Goristsihe, a powerful medieval fortress (the 6th cent.), and the Goridzhvari spa resort;Batumi is a city whose famous sights include the Summer Theater, the famous Singing Fountains, the Dolphinarium, the Seaside Park with palm groves and the magnificent National Botanic Garden of the Georgian Academy of Sciences;Recreation areas such as Gagra, Pitsunda, New Athos, Tsikhisdziri, Kobuleti, Ord, Makhindzhauri and Green Cape;

Such mountain resorts as Akhtala, Tskhaltubo, Nabeglavi, Tsagveri, Sairame, Borjomi, Utsera, Tsemi, Libani, Avadkhara, Java, Abastumani, Bakuriani, Bakhmaro and Gudauri;

The Republic of Abkhazia is situated along the Black Sea coast in north-western Georgia. This is one of the warmest and cleanest seaside areas. There are a number of resorts once very famous, such as Gagra, Ochamchira, Pitsunda, Sukhumi, with its famous Botanical Garden, and New Athos, with its famous caves.

Tourism. In Georgia, there are many seaside climate resorts - Kobuleti, Ureki, Batumi and others; spa resorts such as Tskhaltubo, Nabeglavi, Sairme and others, balneological resorts such as Borjomi, Sairme, Likani and others and alpine resorts such as Abastumani, Bakuriani, Bahmaro and Gudauri. Eastern Georgia (Kakheti) is a major area for wine-making in Georgia. The Alazani Valley is the pearl of Kakheti, which has such well-known wine regions as Kindzmarauli, Tsinandali, Gurjaani and Akhasheni.

Climate. Western Georgia has a subtropical climate, while in the east the climate is transitional from subtropical to temperate. The average January temperature ranges from -3°C to -6°C. Summers are hot and long and the average August temperature ranges from +23°C to +26°C almost all through the country. Rainfall is distributed quite evenly throughout the year. The annual rainfall is from 350 to 1100 mm.